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| Q-1: What is a vow? | ||||||
| Ans. A vow is to restrain from something at ones own will. | ||||||
| Q-2 How many vows are there for a Shravak? | ||||||
| Ans. Twelve | ||||||
| Q-3 What are the three broad divisions of vows of a Shravak? | ||||||
|
Ans.
Five
partial vows (Anu vrata) Three qualitative vows (guna vrata) Four educative vows (shiksha vrata) |
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| Q-4 What is Atithi Samvibhag? | ||||||
| Ans. To give acceptable food and water to Atithi (whose arrival time is unknown). The best Atithies are monks and nuns. | ||||||
| q-5 What is Atichar? | ||||||
| Ans. It is to break vow by doing something which you are not suppose to do. | ||||||
| Q-6 What is Anachar? | ||||||
| Ans. It is to transgress the vow completely. | ||||||
| Q-7 How many Guna (disciplines) are there for a shravak? | ||||||
| Ans. Twenty-one | ||||||
| Q-8 How many manoraths should a person have? | ||||||
| Ans. Three | ||||||
| Q-9 What happens during the Ayogi Kevali Gunasthanak? | ||||||
| Ans. The stoppage of the functioning of the mind, speech, and body | ||||||
| Q-10 Does a Jiva from Sayogi Kevali Gunasthanak go straight to Moksha? | ||||||
| Ans. No, it has to pass through fourteenth Gunasthanak known as Ayogi Kevali before attaining a moksha. | ||||||
| Q-11 After how many lives can a Jiva of Ksheen Mohaniya Gunasthanak be liberated? | ||||||
| Ans. The Jiva will be liberated in the same life. | ||||||
| Q-12 What does Ksheen mean? | ||||||
| Ans. Completely wiped out | ||||||
| Q-13 To which stage can a Jiva fall from the eleventh Gunasthanak? | ||||||
| Ans. He can fall to any of the lower stages, up to the first Gunasthanak. | ||||||
| Q-14 Can a Jiva attain the twelveth stage of gunastahnak from eleventh? | ||||||
| Ans. No | ||||||
| Q-15 Can Abhavya Jiva be born as an angel in Anuttar Viman? | ||||||
| Ans. No | ||||||
| Q- 16 How many Anuttar Viman are there? | ||||||
| Ans. Five | ||||||
| Q-17 What does Upshant mean? | ||||||
| Ans. Completely suppressed, but not wiped out | ||||||
| Q-18 What does Suksham mean? | ||||||
| Ans. Minute | ||||||
| Q-19 After how many lives can a Jiva of Anivritti Badar Gunasthanak be liberated? | ||||||
| Ans. A Jiva from Anivritti Badar Gunasthanak gets liberation at the most within three lives. | ||||||
| Q-20 What does Badar mean? | ||||||
| Ans. Gross | ||||||
| Q-21 What does a Jiva do in Upsham Shreni? | ||||||
| Ans. In upsham shreni, Jiva suppresses the passions, attachment and hatred. He can rise upto eleventh stage of spiritual elevation. Thereafter, Jiva has to fall down within one antah- muhurta. | ||||||
| Q-22 What are the two different directions for spiritual elevation from the Nivrati (Apurva Karan) Gunasthanak? | ||||||
| Ans. Upsham Shreni and Kshapak Shreni. | ||||||
| Q-23 What are the chief qualities of Nivriti Badar Gunasthanak? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva is completely freed from gross passions. He attains purity, and perfection to a greater extent. | ||||||
| Q-24 What are the five types of pramad? | ||||||
|
Ans.
Intoxication Sensuality Passions Sleep Gossip |
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| Q- 25 What are the qualities in Apramatta Sanyati? | ||||||
| Ans. A sadhu in Apramatta Sanyati stage is very tranquil. His target of life is always fixed to Moksha. He confirms to the principle of self- discipline and minimizes sinful activities. | ||||||
| Q-25 What does Pramat mean? | ||||||
| Ans. Careless or indolent | ||||||
| Q-27 What does Desh Virati mean? | ||||||
| Ans. Undertaking partial vows | ||||||
| Q-28 How many rebirths will the Jiva have to undergo to be liberated from Pramat Gunasthanak, at the maximum? | ||||||
| Ans. Fifteen | ||||||
| Q-29 What is the characteristic of Pramat Sanyati Gunasthanak? | ||||||
| Ans. In Pramat Sanyati, one completely wipes out or suppresses four types of severe, moderate and mild passions, and three Darshan Mohniya karmas. During this stage, there is some kind of carelessness in observing vows. | ||||||
| Q-30 What does Pramat Sanyati mean? | ||||||
| Ans. Pramat Sanyati means that the person has taken five Mahavrats, but he is not perfectly following them in daily life. | ||||||
| Q- 31 What celestial level can a Jiva be re-born as from Avirati Samyak Gunasthanak? | ||||||
| Ans. 12th Devlok | ||||||
| Q- 32 Can you describe the status of a Jiva in Avirti Samyak Gunasthanak? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva in Avirti Samyak Gunasthanak does not have severe or moderate passions, but he/she does have mild passions. He/she understands right from wrong, but he/she cannot take a vow. | ||||||
| Q-33 Can a Jiva die in Mishra Gunasthanak stage? | ||||||
| Ans. No | ||||||
| Q-34 What is a Samaya? | ||||||
| Ans. A very subtle measure of time | ||||||
| Q-35 How many Avalikaa make a minute? | ||||||
| Ans. 34952533 Avalikas make one minute. | ||||||
| Q-36 Can you describe Sasvadan Samyakdrishti Gunasthanak? | ||||||
| Ans. In this gunasthanak, a person looses samyakatva, but he realizes this as it happens just as a person will feel the sweet taste as he throws up the sweet food. | ||||||
| Q-37 Does the soul reach Sasvadan Samyakdrishti Gunasthanak from Mithyatva Gunasthanak? | ||||||
| Ans. No, it reaches to this stage while falling from samyakdristi Gunasthanak. | ||||||
| Q-38 In which gunasthanak a person does not believe the soul and the body are two separate things? | ||||||
| Ans. Mithyatva Gunasthanak. | ||||||
| Q-39 How many stages are there in spiritual elevation? | ||||||
| Ans. Fourteen stages | ||||||
| Q-40 What are the four anupurvi nama karma? | ||||||
|
Ans.
Deva
anupurvi nam karma Tiryanch anupurvi nam karma Manushya anupurvi nam karma Narak anupurvi nam karma |
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| Q-41 What is Anupurvi Nama Karma? | ||||||
| Ans. Anupurvi Nam Karma causes the Jiva to go from the place of death in a proper direction to the place of new birth. | ||||||
| Q- 42 What are the five divisions of Antaraya karma? | ||||||
|
Ans.
Dan
Antaraya Labh Antaraya Bhog Antaraya Upbhog Antaraya Veerya Antaraya Karma |
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| Q-43 What affects the intensity of karmas? | ||||||
| Ans. Passions (Kashayas) - The stronger kashayas will cause severe results. | ||||||
| Q- 44 What are the eight causes to get uchcha gotra? | ||||||
|
Ans.
Indifference about class indifference about family indifference about health indifference about beauty indifference about one’s austerity indifference about one’s knowledge of scriptures indifference about gain indifference about riches |
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| Q- 45 What are the eight causes of birth in neecha gotra? | ||||||
|
Ans.
Pride
of class Pride of family Pride of health Pride of beauty Pride of austerities Pride of scriptures Pride of gain Pride of riches |
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| Q-46 What are the four causes of ashubha nama karma? | ||||||
|
Ans.
The bad
activity of jiva crooked speech evil mental activity quarrelsome behavior |
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| Q-47 What are the four causes of Shubha Nama Karma? | ||||||
|
Ans.
Good
activity of jiva straight forward speech simple mental activity non-quarrelsome behavior |
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| Q-48 What is Anantanubandhi Lobha? | ||||||
| Ans. Severe greed. | ||||||
| Q-49 What are the nine types of Nokashaya Charitra Mohaniya Karma? | ||||||
|
Ans.
Laughter Liking Disliking Fear Greed Disgust Sensual attraction for a female Sensual attraction for a male Sensual attraction for both male and female |
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| Q- 50 What are the two broad sub-types of Charitra Mohaniya Karma? | ||||||
|
Ans.
Kasaya
Charitra Mohaniya Karma Nokashaya Charitra Mohaniya Karma |
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| Q-51 What are the causes of Darshanavarniya Karma? | ||||||
| Ans. By criticizing a follower of the right faith, by concealing the name of the person from whom right perception was received, by abducting one who is getting right perception, by having jealousy against the person with right perception, by insulting the right faith or the one possessing it, and by starting a baseless discussion with a person having the right faith. | ||||||
| Q-52 What are the nine sub-types of Darsanavarniya Karma? | ||||||
|
Ans.
Chakshu-darshanavarniya Achakshia-darshanavarniya Avadhi-darshanavarniya, and Keval darshanavarniya Karma Nidra Nidra-nidra Prachala Prachala-prachala Styanagriddhi |
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| Q-53 What does Avirati mean? | ||||||
| Ans. Avirati means one can not restaint or accept vows. | ||||||
| Q-54 What are the causes of accumulation of Karma? | ||||||
|
Ans.
Mithyatava Avirati Pramad Kasaya Yoga |
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| Q-55 What are the sixteen types of Kashaya? | ||||||
|
Ans.
Anantarnbandhi
krodha, maan, maya, lobha Apratyakhani krodha, maan, maya, lobha Pratyakhani krodha, maan, maya, lobha Sanjvalan krodha, maan, maya, and lobha. |
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| Q-56 Does the Jiva accumulate karma after becoming Kevali? | ||||||
| Ans. Yes, Iriyapathic Karmas come to Jiva due to his activities, but karmas come and fall off in two samyas. They do not stay to give any results. | ||||||
| Q-57 What does Jiva obtain by Dhyan (controlling of thoughts)? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva obtains stability of the mind. | ||||||
| Q-58 What does Jiva gain by faith? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva destroys wrong beliefs and gains Samyakdarshan. | ||||||
| Q-59 What does Jiva gain by the discipline of the body? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva obtains purification of conduct and gains Samyakcharitra. | ||||||
| Q-60 What does Jiva gain by the discipline of the mind? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva obtains control of mind and gains Samyakcharitra. | ||||||
| Q-61 How does Jiva gain protection from ill thoughts? | ||||||
| Ans. By meditation | ||||||
| Q-62 What does Jiva gain from purity of mind? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva reduces the accumulation of karmas. | ||||||
| Q-63 How does humility help Jiva? | ||||||
| Ans. Humility helps jiva to be free from pride. | ||||||
| Q-64 What does Jiva get by simplicity? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva becomes straightforward in actions, thoughts, and speech. | ||||||
| Q-65 How does patience help the Jiva? | ||||||
| Ans. It helps to control anger. | ||||||
| Q-66 What does a Jiva obtain by Vaiyavacha? | ||||||
| Ans. On top of destroying karmas, one can acquire Tirthankar Nama Karma. | ||||||
| Q-67 What does a Jiva obtain by controlling mind, body and speech? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva stops acquiring new karmas, and destroys karmas that he had acquired before. | ||||||
| Q-68 What does a Jiva obtain by becoming Veetrag? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva becomes eqanimous. | ||||||
| Q-69 What does a Jiva become by conquering his passions? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva becomes Veetragi. | ||||||
| Q-70 What does a Jiva become by destroying all the accumulated karmas? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva becomes Siddha. | ||||||
| Q-71 What does a Jiva obtain by Tapa (Austerity)? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva destroys the accumulated karmas, and purifies the soul. | ||||||
| Q-72 What does a Jiva get by Anupreksa (pondering on what he has learned) of Sutra? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva loosens the bondages of all the karmas on his soul except age- determining karma. He shortens the duration, and reduces the intensity of the karma. | ||||||
| Q-73 What does Jiva get by correct comprehension of Sutra and its meaning? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva wipes out karmas, which produce doubt and delusion. | ||||||
| Q-74 Should one ask the teacher about his doubts? | ||||||
| Ans. Yes, this way one understands the true meaning. | ||||||
| Q-75 What does Jiva achieve by following the path shown by Jina? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva achieves complete destruction of karmas, and final liberation from cycle of births and deaths. | ||||||
| Q-76 What does Jiva obtain by Svadhyaya (Study)? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva destroys the karmas that obscure the right knowledge. | ||||||
| Q-77 What does Jiva get by begging forgiveness? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva destroys Ashata Vedniya Karmas. | ||||||
| Q-78 What does Jiva gain by Pratyakhyan? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva stops influx of karmas. | ||||||
| Q-79 What does Jiva get by doing Prayashchit? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva feels relieved of the burden of that sin and reduces or destroys the intensity of those karmas. | ||||||
| Q-80 What does Jiva gain by reciting Chaturvinshati Statva? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva gains purity of faith. | ||||||
| Q-81 What does Jiva gain by Aloyana? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva removes the karmas obstructing the path of liberation. | ||||||
| Q-82 What does Jiva obtain by Vinay? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva avoids rebirth in hell, animal life, lower caste of men, and bad angel. | ||||||
| Q-83 How many stages of discipline (pratima) are there for a monk? | ||||||
| Ans. Twelve | ||||||
| Q-84 How many Pratimas can a householder observe? | ||||||
| Ans. Eleven | ||||||
| Q-85 What does Paristhapanika Samiti mean? | ||||||
| Ans. One becomes careful while throwing away any waste, so that even fine insects, or bugs are not hurt. | ||||||
| Q-86 What does Paristhapanika mean? | ||||||
| Ans. Throwing the waste away. | ||||||
| Q-87 What does one learn by Adan Nikshepana Samiti? | ||||||
| Ans. One learns to watch carefully when receives or keeps objects around. | ||||||
| Q-88 What does Nikshepana mean? | ||||||
| Ans. To keep | ||||||
| Q-89 What does Adan mean? | ||||||
| Ans. To receive | ||||||
| Q-90 Does Irya-samiti apply to householders? | ||||||
| Ans. Householders shall try to observe as much irya-samiti in daily life as possible, but he definitely has to observe it when he performs Samayik or Paushadha. | ||||||
| Q-91 What are the benefits of bhasha samiti in daily life? | ||||||
| Ans. One learns to speak politely and becomes lovable by everyone. | ||||||
| Q-92 Does Bhasha Samiti mean complete silence? | ||||||
| Ans. Not necessarily. We need to speak when it is necessary and speak in a soft and pleasant tone which does not cause pain to anyone. | ||||||
| Q-93 How do we observe Bhasha Samiti while telling the truth? | ||||||
| Ans. We observe bhasha samiti by staying silent than to tell the truth if it is going to cause pain or harm to someone. | ||||||
| Q-94 Does Iriya Samiti relate only to sadhus and sadhvis? | ||||||
| Ans. No, it concerns everyone, but sadhus and sadhvis observe it very strictly. | ||||||
| Q-95 How is Dhyan Tapa useful? | ||||||
| Ans. It trains us to control our passions. | ||||||
| Q-96 What are the five types of Swadhyaya? | ||||||
|
Ans.
1) To
study 2) To seek clarification 3) To repeat 4) To mediate 5) To teach whatever is studied |
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| Q-97 How many types of Vaiyavachha are described in the scripture? | ||||||
| Ans. Ten | ||||||
| Q-98 How can we observe Respect (Vinay) austerity? | ||||||
| Ans. By paying respect to monks, nuns, learned, elderly people, and everyone. | ||||||
| Q-99 What are the four types of Prati Sanleenta Tapa? | ||||||
|
Ans.
To control
senses Passions Yogas To be careful about oneself |
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| Q-100 Is Ayambil a type of Ras Parityag Tapa? | ||||||
| Ans. Yes | ||||||
| Q-101 How is Ayambil a type of Ras Parityag Tapa? | ||||||
| Ans. During Ayambil we take food without ghee, salt, sugar and spices etc. There by we are controlling our taste and that is why it is called Ras Parityag Tapa. | ||||||
| Q-102 How is Vriti Sankshep helpful? | ||||||
| Ans. It strengthens the will power, and helps to control passions. | ||||||
| Q-103 What does Bhav Unodari mean? | ||||||
| Ans. Bhav Unodari means to reduce our passions, attachments, and sleep etc. | ||||||
| Q-104 What does Dravya Unodari mean? | ||||||
| Ans. Dravya Unodari means to eat less than one normally does. | ||||||
| Q-105 What does Upkaran Unodari mean? | ||||||
| Ans. Upkaran Unodari means to use a fewer things than our needs. | ||||||
| Q-106 What are the different types of upavas (fast), based on things to be taken? | ||||||
| Ans. Fast in which nothing is consumed for a day and nighttime for twenty- four hours is called Chauvihar Fast. When no solid food is consumed but boiled water might be taken for a day and nighttime for twenty-four hours is called Tivihar Fast. | ||||||
| Q-107 What are the different types of Upavas? | ||||||
| Ans. There are different types of Upavas depending upon how many days of continued fasting is carried out. Atham means fasting for three continuous days. Athai means fasting for eight continuous days, etc. | ||||||
| Q-108 How many types of austerities are there? | ||||||
| Ans. Twelve | ||||||
| Q-109 Do we have to perform austerity through our whole life? | ||||||
| Ans. Yes, if you can. You should perform austerity as per your capacity from a few hours a day, some days in a month or for a entire life like sadhus and sadhvis do. | ||||||
| Q-110 What does one reflect on Lok Bhavana? | ||||||
| Ans. I am a pure soul who shall reside in Siddhashila. What am I doing in this world? I should work to attain my goal of liberation from the cycles of births and deaths. | ||||||
| Q-111 What are the components of the Universe? | ||||||
|
Ans.
Jiva Pudgalastikay Dharamastikay Adharmastikay akastikay kala |
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| Q- 112 How many different ways one can practice Nirjara Bhavana? | ||||||
| Ans. Twelve | ||||||
| Q-113 What does the Ashrava Bhavana teach us? | ||||||
| Ans. Ashrava Bhavana teaches us to stay away from the causes which create the inflow of karmas to the soul. | ||||||
| Q-114 How should we practice the Ashrava Bhavana? | ||||||
| Ans. By realizing that false belief, non-restraint, passions, laziness and yogas (activities) bring karmas to the soul, and they should be avoided or minimized. | ||||||
| Q-115 What do we gain by Ashrava Bhavana? | ||||||
| Ans. We learn what are the causes that bring karmas to the soul, so that they should be avoided. | ||||||
| Q-116 What does Ashrava mean? | ||||||
| Ans. Ashrava means the inflow. | ||||||
| Q-117 What does Ashuchi mean? | ||||||
| Ans. Ashuchi means foul.` | ||||||
| Q-118 Does Anyatva Bhavana help in our daily life? | ||||||
| Ans. Yes, it reminds us that the body and the soul are separate things and we should do minimum for the body, and most for the uplift of the soul. | ||||||
| Q-119 What does Ekatva Bhavana remind us? | ||||||
| Ans. I was born alone. I shall die alone. So, I should do right for my soul. | ||||||
| Q-120 Does Sansar Bhavana mean that everyone should become a monk? | ||||||
| Ans. No, it means understand the temporary relationship of the people in the familty and the rest of the world. By realizing this, one might become a monk. | ||||||
| Q-121 How can a dying person reflect on Asharan Bhavana? | ||||||
| Ans. No one can save me from the miseries of life, but only the religion propagated by Jina can save me. Therefore, I shall take its shelter. | ||||||
| Q-122 To whom did Anathi muni talk about Asharan Bhavana? | ||||||
| Ans. King Shrenik. | ||||||
| Q-123 What does Asharan mean? | ||||||
| Ans. Non-protection | ||||||
| Q-124 What is Anitya in Jiva? | ||||||
| Ans. Body is Anitya (not-permanent) in Jiva. | ||||||
| Q-125 Does meditation on Anitya Bhavana help in controlling our passions? | ||||||
| Ans. Yes, Anitya Bhavana reminds us that everything is perishable including those for whom I might have passions. Thus passions ate putting me in trouble. So instead of being lured by passions I will control them. | ||||||
| Q-126 How should we react when a close relative dies? | ||||||
| Ans. We should reflect on Anitya Bhavana. It explains that every living being that is born has to die one day and we cannot stop it. Our relationship in this world is a temporary one, so we should not feel bad for the loss. | ||||||
| Q- 127 What are the benefits of non-attachment? | ||||||
| Ans. We remain in peace during pleasure or pain. We neither feel elated nor disappointed in different situations. This way we destroy Mohniya karmas. | ||||||
| Q- 128 What do we gain by Anitya Bhavana? | ||||||
| Ans. Anitya Bhavana helps us understand the true relationship between the body and the soul. We should not spend too much time after the body which is perishable, but rather for the soul which is permanent. | ||||||
| Q-129 How do we reflect on Anitya Bhavana? | ||||||
| Ans. Everything around us is changing. Nothing remains permanent. A person was a child first, then became a young adult, then a man, then an old man, and ultimately he dies. Only a pure soul is in the permanent state. Therefore, we should reflect how could we be in that stage. | ||||||
| Q- 130 What is Anitya? | ||||||
|
Ans.
Non-permanent transient |
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| Q- 131 Can we realize the reality through Bhavana? | ||||||
| Ans. Yes, continuous meditation on Bhavanas leads to the experience of the reality of soul. | ||||||
| Q-132 What happens when one conquers the Greed? | ||||||
| Ans. One becomes content. | ||||||
| Q-133 What happens when one conquers the deceit? | ||||||
| Ans. One One becomes honest. | ||||||
| Q- 134 What happens when one conquers the pride? | ||||||
| Ans. One becomes humble. | ||||||
| Q-135 What happens when one conquers the anger? | ||||||
| Ans. One becomes patient. | ||||||
| Q-136 What does Jiva gain by right faith? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva realizes that the body and the soul are separate things. | ||||||
| Q-137 What does Jiva gain by spiritual discipline? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva develops right conduct. | ||||||
| Q-138 What does Jiva gain by Pratikraman? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva wipes out karmas caused by transgressions of vows, or other sinful activities. | ||||||
| Q-139 What does Jiva gain by Vandana? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva becomes humble and thus destroys karma leading to the birth into the lower status and gains the karmas leading to the birth into the higher status. | ||||||
| Q-139 What does Jiva gain by Samayik? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva stops inflow of karmas due to staying in equanimity and can perform religious reading and meditation, etc., which helps to get rid of karmas, too. | ||||||
| Q-140 What does Jiva get by self-repentence? | ||||||
| Ans. Jiva destroys the karmas and moves forwards in the spiritual uplift. | ||||||
| Q-141 What is Aloyana? | ||||||
| Ans. Aloyana means confession for past deeds to a Guru or kepping Arihantas and Siddhas as witness. | ||||||
| Q-142 Does Tirthankar have a religious teacher? | ||||||
| Ans. No | ||||||
| Q-143 How does one attain complete knowledge? | ||||||
| Ans. By completely destroying Jnanavarniya karma | ||||||
| Q144 How many sects are there of Jains? | ||||||
| Ans. Two. | ||||||
| Q-145 What are the four divisions of the Jain Sangh? | ||||||
|
Ans.
Sadhu Sadhvi Shravak Shravika |
||||||
| Q-146 How many Sadhus were in the Sangha of Bhagwan Mahavir? | ||||||
| Ans. Fourteen thousands | ||||||
| Q-147 How many Sadhvis were in the Sangha of Mahavira? | ||||||
| Ans. Thirty-six thousands | ||||||
| Q-148 How many Shravaks were in Sangh of Mahavira? | ||||||
| Ans. One hundred and fifty-nine thousands | ||||||
| Q-149 How many Shravikas were in Sangh of Mahavira? | ||||||
| Ans. Three hundreds and eighteen thousands | ||||||
|
|